Today in Black History 03/30/2010

*        Today in Black History - March 30        *

1869 - The 15th Amendment to the Constitution is ratified, which
    guarantees men, the right to vote regardless of "race, color
    or previous condition of servitude."  Despite ratification
    of the amendment, it will be almost 100 years before African
    Americans become "universally" enfranchised. Editor's Note:
    The entire African American population of Washington DC
    (approximately 300,000+ of the 550,000+ people who live
    there) is still constitutionally denied any voting rights or
    self-government in the United States. This is a gaping
    exception to a so-called "universal" practice.

1923 - Zeta Phi Beta sorority is incorporated. It was founded on
    January 16, 1920 at Howard University in Washington, DC.

1941 - The National Urban League presents a one-hour program over a
    national radio network and urges equal participation for
    blacks in the national defense program.

1946 - "St. Louis Woman" opens on Broadway.  Based on a book by Arna
    Bontemps and Countee Cullen from Bontemps's novel "God Sends
    Sunday," the play brought wide attention to supporting
    actress Pearl Bailey, who stopped the show nightly with her
    renditions of "Legalize My Name" and "A Woman's
    Prerogative."

1948 - Naomi Sims is born in Oxford, Mississippi. She will become a
    trailblazing fashion model and founder of a beauty company
    that will bear her name.

1960 - Eighteen students are suspended by Southern University for
    participating in civil rights demonstrations.  Southern
    University students will rebel on March 31, boycotting
    classes and requesting withdrawal slips. The rebellion will
    collapse after the death of a professor from a heart attack.

1963 - Air Force Capt. Edward J. Dwight, Jr. is named to the fourth
    class of aerospace research pilots at Edwards Air Force
    Base, becoming the first African American candidate for
    astronaut training. He will be dropped from the program in
    1965.

1963 - Stanley Kirk Burrell is born in Oakland, California. He will
    become a rapper known as "M.C. Hammer" and will come out in
    1988 with the album, "Let's Get It Started. He will be best
    known for his hit, "U Can't Touch This."

1995 - Tens of thousands of Rwandan refugees, fleeing violence in
    Burundi, begin a two-day trek to sanctuary in Tanzania.

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

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Today in Black History 03/29/2010

*        Today in Black History - March 29        *

1918 - Pearl Mae Bailey is born in Newport News, Virginia.  She will
    achieve tremendous success as a stage and film actress,
    recording artist, nightclub headliner, and television
    performer. Among her most notable movies will be "Porgy and
    Bess" and "Carmen Jones" and she will receive a Tony Award
    for her starring role in an all-African-American version of
    "Hello Dolly." Bailey will be widely honored, including
    being named special advisor to the U.S. Mission to the
    United Nations and receiving the Presidential Medal of
    Freedom. She will join the ancestors on August 17, 1990.

1940 - Joe Louis knocks out Johnny Paycheck to retain his
    heavyweight boxing title.

1945 - Walt Frazier is born in Atlanta, Georgia.  He will become a
    basketball player and, as a guard for the New York Knicks,
    lead his team to NBA championships in 1970 and 1973.  He
    will also earn the nickname "Clyde" (from the movie Bonnie
    and Clyde) for his stylish wardrobe and flamboyant lifestyle
    off the court. Frazier will score 15,581 points (18.9 ppg)
    during his career, lead the Knicks in scoring five times,
    dish out 5,040 assists (6.1 apg), and lead the Knicks in
    assists 10 straight years. He will be elected to the
    Basketball Hall of Fame in 1987.

1955 - Earl Christian Campbell is born in Tyler, Texas.  He will
    become a star football player at the University of Texas and
    will amass 4,444 rushing yards in his college career.  He
    will win the 1977 Heisman Trophy and will go on to become a
    first player taken in the 1978 NFL draft. As a star running
    back for the Houston Oilers, he will become NFL rushing
    champion, Player of Year, All-Pro, Pro Bowl choice in 1978,
    1979, and 1980. His career-high will be 1,934 yards rushing,
    including four 200-yard rushing games in 1980. His career
    statistics will be: 9,407 yards, 74 TDs rushing, 121
    receptions for 806 yards and five Pro Bowls.  He will retire
    after nine seasons and will be enshrined in the Pro Football
    Hall of Fame in 1991.

1959 - Barthelemy Boganda, president and founder of the Central
    African Republic, joins the ancestors in a plane crash.

1968 - Students seize building on the campus of Bowie State College
    in Bowie, Maryland.

1990 - Houston's Hakeem Olajuwan scores the 3rd NBA quadruple double
    consisting of 18 points, 16 rebounds, 10 assists & 11
    blocked    shots vs the Milwaukee Bucks.

2005 - Johnnie L. Cochran, whose legal career representing both
    victims of police abuse and celebrities in peril reached its
    peak under media scrutiny when he successfully defended O.J.
    Simpson from murder charges, joins the ancestors after
    succumbing to brain cancer, at the age of 67.

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

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   Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
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Today in Black History 03/28/2010

*        Today in Black History - March 28        *

1870 - Jonathan S. Wright becomes the first African American State
    Supreme Court Justice in South Carolina.

1925 - Sculptor Ed Wilson is born in Baltimore, Maryland.  He will
    study at the University of Iowa, receive sculpture awards
    from the Carnegie Foundation, Howard University and the
    State University of New York, and have his work shown at
    Two Centuries of Black American Art, and other exhibitions.
    Among his major works will be "Cybele."

1939 - The Renaissance (Big 5) becomes the first African American
    team on record to win a professional world championship
    (basketball).

1958 - William Christopher (W.C.) Handy joins the ancestors in New
    York City at the age of 85. In the same year, the movie of
    his life, "St. Louis Blues" is released, starring Nat King
    Cole as Handy.

1966 - Bill Russell is named head coach of the Boston Celtics and
    becomes the first African American to coach an NBA team.

1984 - Educator and civil rights activist Benjamin Mays joins the
    ancestors in Atlanta, Georgia.  Mays had served as dean of
    the School of Religion at Howard University and president of
    Morehouse College, where he served as the mentor to the
    young Martin Luther King, Jr.

1990 - Michael Jordan scores 69 points in a NBA game.  This the 4th
    time he scores 60 points or more in a game.

1990 - President Bush posthumously awards the Congressional Gold
    Medal to Jesse Owens and presents it to his widow ten years
    after he joins the ancestors. In 1936, Jesse Owens won four
    Olympic Track and Field gold medals in a single day in
    Berlin. The 1936 Berlin Olympics, the last Olympic Games
    before the outbreak of WWII, were hosted by the Nazi
    Germans, who intended the event as a showcase of their
    racist theories of the superiority of the "Aryan" race. 
    But a 23-year-old African-American named Jesse Owens
    shattered their plans, along with several world records,
    when he dashed to victory in the 100-meter and 200-meter
    sprints, anchored the victorious 400-meter relay team, and
    won the broad jump. President George Bush adds the
    Congressional Gold Medal to Owens's collection. Congress had
    voted the award in recognition of Owens's humanitarian
    contributions.  After his athletic career, he had devoted
    his energy and his name to organizations providing
    opportunities to underprivileged youth.

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

   E-mail:  
   Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
             http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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   The Black Agenda.

Today in Black History 03/27/2010

*        Today in Black History - March 27        *

1867 - African American demonstrators in Charleston, South Carolina
    stage ride-ins on streetcars.  On May 1, the Charleston City
    Railway Company will adopt a resolution guaranteeing the right
    of all persons to ride in streetcars.

1872 - Cleveland Luca, a musician, member of the famous musical Luca
    Family Quartet and composer of the Liberian National Anthem,
    joins the ancestors in Liberia.

1924 - Sarah Vaughan is born in Newark, New Jersey.  On a dare, she
    will enter a 1943 amateur contest at the Apollo Theatre in
    Harlem and be hired by Earl "Fatha" Hines as a result of her
    performance.  She will begin recording in 1945, be considered
    one of the finest jazz vocalists, and earn the nickname "The
    Divine One." She will join the ancestors on April 3, 1990.

1934 - Arthur Mitchell is born in New York City.  The first male
    recipient of the dance award from the High School of
    Performing Arts in 1951, he will be the first African American
    dancer to become a principal artist in the New York City
    Ballet Company and will found the highly influential Dance
    Theatre of Harlem in 1969.

1969 - The Black Academy of Arts and Letters is founded at a meeting
    in Boston, Massachusetts.  Dr. C. Eric Lincoln, professor of
    religion and sociology at Union Theological Seminary, is
    elected president of the organization.

1972 - Fleeta Drumgo and John Cluchette are acquitted by an all-white
    jury of the murder of a white guard at Soledad prison. George
    Jackson, the third "Soledad Brother," is killed in the alleged
    escape attempt.

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

   E-mail:  
   Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
             http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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Today in Black History 03/26/2010

*        Today in Black History - March 26        *

1831 - Richard Allen joins the ancestors at the age of 71.  He had been
    nominated by author Vernon Loggins for the title, "Father of
    the Negro."

1872 - Thomas J. Martin is awarded a patent for the fire extinguisher.

1910 - William H. Lewis is appointed assistant attorney general of the
    United States.

1937 - William Hastie is appointed to a federal judgeship in the Virgin
    Islands. With the appointment, Hastie becomes the first African
    American to serve on the federal bench in the U.S. or its
    territories. Judge Hastie will serve on the bench for two years
    then become dean and professor of law at Howard University in
    Washington DC.

1944 - Diana Ross is born in Detroit, Michigan.  Ross, with Mary Wilson
    and Florence Ballard, will form the Supremes in 1961 and have
    15 consecutive smash-hit singles with the group.  Ross will
    also pursue an acting career in such movies as "Lady Sings the
    Blues" and receive a Tony Award for her Broadway show, "An
    Evening with Diana Ross."  Both with the Supremes and as a solo
    artist, she will have more number-one records than any other
    artist in the history of the charts.

1950 - Theodore Pendergrass is born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He
    will become a lead singer for Harold Melvin and the Blue Notes
    in 1970 and will pursue an active solo career in 1976. His solo
    career will later be temporarily interrupted by an auto
    accident that will leave him paralyzed from the chest down. His
    debut album, "Teddy Pendergrass (1977)," struck Platinum, as
    did the next four albums - "Life Is A Song Worth Singing,"
    "Teddy," "Teddy Live" and "T.P." Other releases include "Love
    Language," "Working It Back" and "Joy." He will be nominated
    for a Grammy more than three times and be the holder of a 1980
    "Best Rhythm & Blues Artist" award from Billboard Magazine. The
    Philadelphia Music Foundation will honor him with a
    Philadelphia Music Award for "Best Urban Album" in 1989.

1984 - Ahmed Sekou Toure' joins the ancestors in a hospital in
    Cleveland, Ohio.  He was the country of Guinea's first
    president and a well-known political figure throughout Africa.

1991 - The Reverend Emanuel Cleaver becomes the first African American
    mayor of Kansas City, Missouri.  At this time, Kansas City is
    seventy percent white, but he will win the election with 53
    percent of the vote, while his opponent receives forty-seven
    percent.

1992 - A judge in Indianapolis sentences former heavyweight boxing
    champion Mike Tyson to six years in prison for raping a Miss
    Black America contestant.

1995 - Former diplomat-turned-radio talk show host Alan Keyes enters the
    race for the Republican presidential nomination.

1998 - President Clinton stands with President Nelson Mandela in a
    racially integrated South African parliament to salute a country
    that was "truly free and democratic at last."

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

   E-mail:  
   Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
             http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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   The Black Agenda.

Alpha Phi Alpha - Xi Nu Lambda Chapter - Introduces 4 new members to Baton Rouge

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. ® 

XI NU LAMBDA CHAPTER

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
MONDAY, MARCH 22, 2010

CONTACTS
Lemoine Howard, 225.301.3875, lemoineh@yahoo.com

NEW MEMBERS

BATON ROUGE, La. The Xi Nu Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., located in Baton
Rouge, recently inducted new members into the organization: McArthur Whitmore, Christopher Metz, Jamar
Hebert and Brandon Dumas.

These new members are all college graduates having earned their degrees from Louisiana State University,
Southern University and the University of Phoenix with bachelors in Business Administration,
Communications, Engineering and Political Science.

“We are pleased to welcome these men into our brotherhood and we expect them to help us continue providing service to our communities," Jermaine Watson, President of the Xi Nu Lambda Chapter proclaimed.

The new members were received on Sunday, March 21, 2010. They each bring attributes and qualities
deserving of membership and are needed to help propel our mission of “developing leaders, promoting
brotherhood and academic excellence, while providing service and advocacy to our communities”.

###

About the Xi Nu Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.

The chapter was founded in 1986 and works hard "Developing Leaders, Promoting Brotherhood and Academic Excellence, While Providing Service and Advocacy” for the Greater Baton Rouge community.

Today in Black History 03/25/2010

*             Today in Black History - March 25           *

1807 - The British Parliament abolishes the African slave trade.
    Although slavery was abolished within England in 1772, it
    was still allowed in the British colonies, as was the slave
    trade. The continued slave trade was not only accepted, but
    considered essential to the power and prosperity of the
    British Empire. English slave-merchants made fortunes
    carrying slaves from Africa to the British colonies in
    North America and the Caribbean, and many of England's
    industries, notably textiles and sugar refining, depended
    on raw materials produced by slave labor on colonial
    plantations. Still, there were opponents, and in 1787, they
    launched a nationwide campaign to seek the abolition of the
    slave trade.

1843 - African American explorer Dodson sets out in search of the
    Northwest Passage.

1910 - The Liberian Commission recommends financial aid to Liberia
    and the establishment of a U.S. Navy coaling station in the
    African country.

1931 - Ida B. Wells-Barnett, journalist, militant African American
    rights and anti-lynching advocate, and a founder of the
    NAACP, joins the ancestors in Chicago at the age of 78.

1931 - Nine African American youths are arrested in Scottsboro,
    Alabama, for allegedly raping two white women.  Although
    they will be quickly convicted, in a trial that outraged
    African Americans and much of the nation, the case will be
    appealed and the "Scottsboro Boys" will be retried several
    times.

1939 - Toni Cade Bambara is born in New York City.  She will become
    a noted writer of such fiction as "Gorilla, My Love," and
    "The Salt Eaters."

1942 - Aretha Louise Franklin is born in Memphis, Tennessee.  She
    will be abandoned by her mother when she was 6, and raised
    by her father, the Reverend C. L. Franklin, who is one of
    the most famous Black ministers in the North, and her aunt,
    the legendary gospel singer Clara Ward. She will grow up
    singing in her father's New Bethel Baptist Church in
    Detroit, Michigan. Family friends Mahalia Jackson and Sam
    Cooke will encourage her recording career, and when Columbia
    Records producer John Hammond first hears the 18-year-old,
    he calls her "an untutored genius, the best natural singer
    since Billie Holiday."  It will not be until her move from
    Columbia's pop/jazz orchestrations to Atlantic Records'
    soulful, Rhythm and Blues style, in 1966, that her career
    skyrockets. Under the auspices of Jerry Wexler, she will
    sing fierce, frantic hits like "I Never Loved a Man,"
    "Respect," "Natural Woman," and "Chain of Fools." In 1968,
    she will make the cover of Time magazine. From her first
    singing experiences in her father's church through a singing
    career and 21 gold records, she will earn the title, "Queen
    of Soul."  She will be inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of
    Fame in 1987.

1965 - The Selma-to-Montgomery march ended with rally of some fifty
    thousand at Alabama capitol.  One of the marchers, a white
    civil rights worker named Viola Liuzzo, is shot to death on
    U.S. Highway 80 after the rally by white terrorists.  Three
    Klansmen are convicted of violating her civil rights and
    sentenced to ten years in prison.

1967 - Debi Thomas is born.  After being raised in San Jose,
    California by her mother(who shuttled her back and forth
    between home, school and practice at the rate of 3,000 miles
    per month), she will become the first African American to
    win the world figure skating championship (1986).  She will
    later become the first African American to win a medal in
    the Winter Olympics (Bronze Medal in Figure Skating -
    February 27, 1988).   

1975 - Salem Poor, who fought alongside other colonists during the
    Battle of Bunker Hill, is honored as one of four
    "Contributors to the Cause," a commemorative issue of the
    U.S. Postal Service.

1991 - Whoopi Goldberg wins the Academy Award for best actress in a
    supporting role for "Ghost." Also winning an Oscar is
    Russell Williams II, for best sound editing for the movie
    "Dances with Wolves."  It is Williams's second Oscar in a
    row (the first was for "Glory"), a record for an African
    American.

1994 - American troops complete their withdrawal from Somalia.

2000 - Character actress Helen Martin, who played the little old
    lady next door in the mid-1980s television series "227" and
    Halle Berry's matriarch in the political comedy "Bulworth,"
    joins the ancestors at the age of 90.  An original member
    of Harlem's American Negro Theater, Martin was one of the
    first African American actresses to appear on Broadway when
    Orson Welles cast her in his production of "Native Son."
    She worked primarily as a stage actress early in her career,
    but was perhaps best known for appearing as grandmotherly
    characters in television series about African American
    families.

______________________________________________________________
           Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
              "The TRUTH shall make you free"

   E-mail:  
   Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
             http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
   _____________________________________________________________
   To SUBSCRIBE send E-mail to:
   In the E-mail body place:  Subscribe Munirah Your FULL Name
   ______________________________________________________________
   Munirah(TM) is a trademark of Information Man. Copyright 1997 - 2007,
   All Rights Reserved by the Information Man in association with
   The Black Agenda.

Alpha Phi Alpha - Xi Nu Lambda Chapter - Hosts Annual Beautillion Event

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
MONDAY, MARCH 22, 2010

CONTACT
Lemoine Howard, 225.301.3875, lemoineh@yahoo.com

BEAUTILLION 2010 FINALE’

BATON ROUGE, La. The Xi Nu Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., located in Baton Rouge, culminated over seven months of mentoring on Saturday, March 20, 2010, in the Crown Plaza hotel when its beautillion participants were introduced and received into manhood by over 200 attendees.

The seven beaus included:
Bryant Albert, Scotlandville Magnet High
Kyle Burleigh, Tara High; Taylor
Collins, Baton Rouge High
Dennis Franklin, Broadmoor High
Ervin LaBostrie, Dutchtown High
DeJohn Richardson, McKinley High
Gary Slack, Belaire High

“It was an honor for our chapter to help these young men meet their full potential and be greeted by welcoming members of society," said Jermaine Watson, President of the Xi Nu Lambda Chapter.

This year’s Mr. Beautillion is Mr. Kyle Burleigh. He will receive a $1000 scholarship at the beginning of his fall semester in college. The 1st runner up, Mr. Gary Slack, will receive at $500 scholarship and the 2nd runner up, Mr. Bryant Albert, will receive a $250 scholarship.

Each beau competed for scholarships throughout the program. Scholarship awards are based on each beau’s academics, attendance of the beautillion program’s events and money raised to support the scholarship.

Additionally, Alpha brothers introduced the beaus to workshops on college preparation, gentlemen’s etiquette, arts & culture and Black men’s health. The beaus also participated in service projects when Alpha brothers assisted the Baton Rouge Food Bank and Habitat for Humanity.

State Representative Patricia Haynes Smith and Brian Marshall, CEO for the Capital Area Transit System (CATS) served as the official emcees for the event.

###

About the Xi Nu Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. The chapter was founded in 1986 and works hard "Developing Leaders, Promoting Brotherhood and Academic Excellence, While Providing Service and Advocacy” for the Greater Baton Rouge community. For more information, please visit http://xnlalphas.org.

Today in Black History 03/24/2010

* Today in Black History - March 24 *

1912 - Dorothy Irene Height is born in Richmond, Virginia. In 1965,
she will inaugurate the Center for Racial Justice, which is
still a major initiative of the National YWCA. She will
serve as the 10th National President of the Delta Sigma
Theta Sorority, Inc. from 1946 to 1957, before becoming
president of the National Council of Negro Women in 1958.
Working closely with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Roy
Wilkins, Whitney Young, A. Philip Randolph and others, She
will participate in virtually all major civil and human
rights event in the 1950's and 1960's. For her tireless
efforts on behalf of the less fortunate, President Ronald
Reagan will present her the Citizens Medal Award for
distinguished service to the country in 1989. She will
receive the Spingarn Medal from the NAACP in July, 1993.
She will be inducted into the "National Women's Hall of
Fame" in October, 1993 and President Bill Clinton will
present her the Presidential Medal of Freedom Award in
August 1994.

1941 - "Native Son," a play adapted from Richard Wright's novel of
the same name, opens at the St. James Theatre in New York
City.

1944 - Patricia Louise Holt is born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
She will become a singer best known as Patti Labelle. As a
teenager, she and Cindy Birdsong (later a member of the
Supremes) will sing with the Ordettes. When two girls
leave the group, Nona Hendrix and Sarah Dash will sign on
and Patti LaBelle and the Bluebells will be born in 1961.
By the next year, they will have their first multimillion
seller, "I Sold My Heart to the Junkman." With other hits,
including "All Or Nothing" and "You'll Never Walk Alone,"
the group will develop a strong following worldwide. After
years of success and being "Rocked and Rolled out," as
Patti describes it, the group will disband on good terms
in 1977. She will continue to perform as a solo artist and
will release top-selling albums. She will receive numerous
awards including Philadelphia's Key to the City, a medal
from the Congressional Black Caucus, a citation from
Congress on her 20th anniversary in the music business,
another citation from President Reagan, a cable ACE, the
B'nai B'rith Creative Achievement Award, two NAACP
Entertainer of the Year Awards, the NAACP Image Award for
three consecutive years, the Ebony Achievement Award, the
Martin Luther King Lifetime Achievement Award, three Emmy
nominations, eight Grammy nominations and a 1992 Grammy
Award for Best R&B Female Vocal performance for her album
"Burnin."

1958 - Bill Russell, center for the Boston Celtics, becomes the
NBA's MVP. He is again named as MVP in 1961, 1962, 1963
and 1965.

1962 - Benny 'Kid' Paret is knocked out in the twelfth round by
Emile Griffith, in a welterweight title bout in New York
City. Paret will join the ancestors 10 days later.

1969 - Joseph Kasavubu, President of the Congo, joins the ancestors.
In 1960, he and Mobutu Sese Seko overthrew the government of
Patrice Lumumba.

1972 - Z. Alexander Looby, the first African American to serve on
the Nashville City Council, joins the ancestors in
Nashville, Tennessee. He had also been a successful
Nashville attorney, in the forefront of the Civil Rights
Movement, for many years. In 1960, he survived the April
19th bombing of his home.

1975 - Muhammad Ali defeats Chuck Wepner in a 15-round bout to
retain his world heavyweight crown.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

E-mail:
Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
_____________________________________________________________
To SUBSCRIBE send E-mail to:
In the E-mail body place: Subscribe Munirah Your FULL Name
______________________________________________________________
Munirah(TM) is a trademark of Information Man. Copyright 1997 - 2007,
All Rights Reserved by the Information Man in association with
The Black Agenda.

Today in Black History 03/23/2010

* Today in Black History - March 23 *

1784 - Tom Molineaux, who will become America's most celebrated
early boxing success, is born into slavery in Georgetown,
Washington, DC. Emigrating to London after winning money
to purchase his freedom in a fight, Molineaux challenges
champion Tom Cribb in a fight attended by 10,000 spectators
in 1810, which he will apparently win but is ruled against
by a partisan referee. After a subsequent loss to Cribb in
1811, Molineaux will sink into alcoholism and will join the
ancestors penniless in Ireland at the age of 34.

1938 - Maynard Jackson is born in Dallas, Texas. He will be elected
the first African American mayor of Atlanta, Georgia for
two terms, 1974 to 1982, and be re-elected in 1989 for an
unprecedented third term. He will join he ancestor on June
23, 2003.

1953 - Yvette Marie Stevens is born in Great Lakes, Illinois. She
will become better known as Chaka Khan, lead singer of the
rock group Rufus (winner of a 1974 Grammy) and a three-time
Grammy-winning soloist.

1955 - Moses Malone is born in Petersburg, Virginia. He will begin
his career in professional basketball in 1974 when he
becomes the first player in ABA basketball history to make
the move directly from high school ball to playing in a
professional league. He will join the now-defunct American
Basketball Association's Utah Stars. His career will peak
during his seasons with the Philadelphia 76ers. Matched
with Julius Erving, Maurice Cheeks, Bobby Jones and Andrew
Toney in the 1982-83 season, the 76ers will lead the league
with a 65-17 regular-season record and win the championship.
He will win both NBA MVP and NBA Finals MVP that year. His
other achievements will include NBA MVP (1979, '82), All-NBA
first team (1979, '82, '85), All-NBA second team (1980, '81,
'84, '87), NBA All-Defensive first team (1983) and NBA
All-Defensive second team (1979). He will also hold career
records for the most consecutive games without a
disqualification (1,212), most free throws made (8,531),
most offensive rebounds (6,731) and most turnovers (3,804).
He will achieve the milestone of playing his 45,000th
minute, on Dec. 14, 1994, against the Boston Celtics. He
will be recognized not only for greatness as an all-around
player, but also for his longevity, as he will play for two
ABA teams and eight NBA teams over 22 years.

1968 - Rev. Walter Fauntroy, a former aide of Martin Luther King
Jr., becomes the first non-voting congressional delegate
from the District of Columbia since the Reconstruction
period.

1985 - Patricia Roberts Harris, Cabinet Member, ambassador and
first African American woman to head a law school, joins
the ancestors in Washington, DC.

1985 - "We Are The World", by USA for Africa, a group of 46 pop
stars, enters the music charts for the first time at number
21.

1998 - President Bill Clinton hails "the new face of Africa" as he
opens a historic six-nation tour in Ghana.

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Today in Black History 03/22/2010

* Today in Black History - March 22 *

1492 - Alonzo Pierto, explorer of African descent, sets sail from
Spain with Christopher Columbus.

1873 - Slavery is abolished in Puerto Rico. The Spanish Crown
finally ends slavery in one of its last Latin American
colonies. Slave owners are compensated with 35 million
pesetas per slave. Despite the pronouncement of abolition,
slaves are still required to keep working for three more
years as indentured servants.

1882 - African American Shakespearean actor Morgan Smith joins the
ancestors in Sheffield, England. Smith had emigrated to
England in 1866, where he performed in Shakespeare's Richard
III, Macbeth, Hamlet, and The Merchant of Venice, as well as
Othello.

1931 - Richard Berry Harrison receives the NAACP's Spingarn Medal
for his role as "De Lawd" in "The Green Pastures" and for
his "long years ...as a dramatic reader and entertainer,
interpreting to the mass of colored people in church and
school, the finest specimens of English drama from
Shakespeare down."

1943 - George Benson is born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He will
begin playing the guitar at age 8, will sing in nightclubs
as a child and form a rock group at age 17. He will move to
New York City in 1963 and join Jack McDuff's band but will
leave in 1965 to form his own group with Lonnie Smith,
Ronnie Cuber, and Phil Turner. He will become a session
guitarist in the late 1960s, working with such artists as
Miles Davis, Ron Carter, and Herbie Hancock and developing
a reputation as one of the best jazz guitarists. The release
of his triple Grammy Award-winning "Breezin'" in 1976, with
its hit single, "This Masquerade," will mark Benson's return
as a vocal artist. His follow-up album, "In Flight" (1977),
and his double live set "Weekend in L.A." (1978) will
confirm his wide popularity. After "Livin' Inside Your Love"
(1979), he will release the equally popular "Give Me the
Night" (1980), his first collaboration with Quincy Jones,
which will garner an impressive sweep of five Grammy Awards.
Later albums will include "While the City Sleeps" (1986),
"Twice the Love" (1988), "Tenderly" (1989), and "Love
Remembers" (1993).

1957 - Stephanie Mills is born in Brooklyn, New York. She will
become a singer and actress and be best known for her role
as Dorothy in the stage show of "The Wiz." She will win a
talent show at the Apollo Theater six weeks in a row at age
nine. She will appear in the Broadway play "Maggie Flynn,"
tour with the Isley Brothers, and release her debut album
in 1973. She will land the part of Dorothy in 1975,
recording an album for Motown during the show's four-year
run. In 1980, she will have a worldwide hit with "Never Knew
Love Like This Before," which rises to the Top Ten in the
U.S. She will be married for a short while to Shalamar's
Jeffrey Daniels and work with Teddy Pendergrass in 1981. In
1983, she will land a daytime television show on NBC. She
will also later play Dorothy in a revival of "The Wiz."

1968 - Pennsylvania State troopers are mobilized to put down a
student rebellion on the campus of Cheyney State College.

1986 - Debi Thomas becomes the first African American woman to win
the world figure skating championship.

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Today in Black History 03/21/2010

* Today in Black History - March 21 *

1934 - Al Freeman, Jr. is born in San Antonio, Texas. He will become
an actor and will be known for his roles in "One Life to
Live," "My Sweet Charlie," "Once Upon A Time When We Were
Colored," "The Autobiography of Malcolm X," and "Down in The
Delta."

1946 - The Los Angeles Rams sign Kenny Washington, the first African
American player to join a National Football League team since
1933.

1949 - The Rens, originally from New York, but now representing
Dayton, Ohio, play their last game against the Denver Nuggets.
Their lifetime record, amassed over 26 years, is 2,318 wins
and 381 losses. Their opponents, the Nuggets, will become
the first NBA team to be owned by African Americans, when
Bertram Lee and Peter Bynoe lead a group of investors that
buys the club in 1989.

1955 - NAACP chairman, author, and civil rights pioneer, Walter White
joins the ancestors in New York City.

1960 - Police in Sharpeville, near Johannesburg, fire on Black South
Africans protesting racial pass laws. A protest strategy
devised by the Pan-African Congress to flood South African
jails with pass violators, the protesters will suffer 72
deaths and over 200 injuries in the two days of violence that
will become known as the "Sharpeville Massacre." The ANC is
outlawed.

1965 - Thousands of marchers complete the first leg of a five-day
freedom march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, dramatizing
the denial of voting rights for African Americans. Led by
Martin Luther King, Jr., thousands of marchers are protected
by U.S. Army troops and federalized Alabama National
Guardsmen because of violence encountered earlier, including
the fatal beating of a white minister, Reverend James J. Reeb.

1981 - Michael Donald, an African American teen-ager in Mobile,
Alabama, is abducted, tortured and killed in what prosecutors
charge is a Ku Klux Klan plot. A lawsuit brought by the
Southern Poverty Law Center on behalf of Donald's mother,
Beulah Mae Donald, will later result in a landmark $ 7
million judgment that bankrupts The United Klans of America.

1990 - Namibia celebrates independence from South Africa.

1990 - United States Secretary of State James Baker meets Black
nationalist leader Nelson Mandela, in Namibia, on the
occasion of Namibia's independence.

1991 - Test results released in Los Angeles show that Rodney King,
the motorist whose beating by police was videotaped by a
bystander, had marijuana and alcohol in his system following
his arrest. President Bush denounces King's beating as
"sickening" and "outrageous."

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Today in Black History 03/20/2010

* Today in Black History - March 20 *

1852 - Uncle Tom's Cabin, by white abolitionist Harriet Beecher
Stowe, is published. The controversial novel will be
credited by many, including Abraham Lincoln, with sparking
the Civil War. Mr. Lincoln will later tell Mrs. Stowe,
that she was "the little woman who wrote the book that
started this great war".

1852 - Martin R. Delany publishes "The Condition, Elevation,
Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United
States," the first major statement of the African American
nationalist position. Delany says, "The claims of no people,
according to established policy and usage, are respected by
any nation, until they are presented in a national capacity."
He adds: "We are a nation within a nation; as the Poles in
Russia, the Hungarians in Austria, the Welsh, Irish, and
Scotch in the British dominions."

1883 - Jan Matzeliger receives patent #274,207 for his shoe lasting
machine. His invention will revolutionize the shoe industry,
allowing for the first mass production of shoes.

1890 - The Blair Bill, which provides federal support for education
and allocates funds to reduce illiteracy among the freedmen
is defeated in the U.S. Senate, 37-31.

1950 - Dr. Ralph Bunche receives the Nobel Peace Prize for his work
as a mediator in the Palestine crisis. He is the first
African American to be so honored.

1957 - Shelton "Spike" Lee is born in Atlanta, Georgia. He will
grow up in the Fort Greene section of Brooklyn, New York,
the son of an accomplished jazz bassist and art teacher,
Bill Lee. He will become a motion picture director,
producing many of his own films. His films, among them
"She's Gotta Have It," "Do the Right Thing" and "Jungle
Fever" explore the social, political, and interpersonal
relationships between African Americans and whites similar
to the early work of director Oscar Micheaux.

1970 - Students strike at the University of Michigan and demand
increased African American enrollment. The strike ends on
April 2, after the administration agrees to meet their
demands.

1973 - Roberto Clemente is elected to Baseball's Hall of Fame, 11
weeks after he joins the ancestors. He becomes the first
person of African descent to be elected to the Hall of Fame
in a special election (before the five-year waiting period).
He also is the first Hispanic to enter the Hall of Fame.

1987 - "Hollywood Shuffle" premieres. The film is directed by,
produced by, and stars Robert Townsend. Townsend also used
his own money to bring his comedic vision to the screen.

2000 - Former Black Panther Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin, once known as H.
Rap Brown, is captured in Alabama. He is wanted in the fatal
shooting of a sheriff's deputy in Atlanta, Georgia. Al-Amin
will maintain his innocence.

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Today in Black History 03/19/2010

* Today in Black History - March 19 *

1867 - Congressman Thaddeus Stevens calls up resolution providing
for the enforcement of the Second Confiscation Act of July,
1862. The measure, which provides for the distribution of
public and confiscated land to the freedmen, is defeated.

1870 - "O Guarani," the most celebrated opera by Afro-Brazilian
composer Antonio Carlos Gomes, premiers at the Scala Theater
in Milan, Italy. His enormous musical talent opened the
doors of the Milan Conservatory where he studied under the
guidance of the greatest opera directors of the time. Among
other operas, Gomes produces "Fosca," "Condor," and
"O Escravo" (The Slave).

1872 - T.J. Boyd, inventor, awarded patent for apparatus for
detaching horses from carriages.

1937 - The Count Basie Orchestra, with vocalists Billie Holiday and
Jimmy Rushing, opens at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem.

1939 - The New Negro Theater is founded in Los Angeles, California,
by Langston Hughes. The company stages as its first
performance Hughes's play, "Don't You Want to be Free?"

1952 - Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton is posthumously awarded the
Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery during the Korean
War. He joins the ancestors after being killed in action on
June 2, 1951.

1967 - French Somaliland (Djibouti) votes to continue association
with France.

1968 - Students take over the Administration Building at Howard
University demanding resignation of university officials
and a stronger orientation to Black culture in the
curriculum. It is the first of many college protests over
Black Studies programs on African American and white college
campuses across the nation.

1995 - Twenty one months after retiring from basketball, Michael
Jordan returns to professional basketball with his former
team, the Chicago Bulls.

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"The TRUTH shall make you free"

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Today in Black History 03/18/2010

* Today in Black History - March 18 *

1895 - 200 African Americans leave Savannah, Georgia for Liberia.

1901 - William Henry Johnson is born. The Florence, South Carolina
native will leave his home for New York and Europe, where
he will develop a deliberate and controversial primitive
painting style. Among his more famous works will be "Chain
Gang," "Calvary," and "Descent from the Cross."

1939 - Charley Pride is born in Sledge, Mississippi. Intent on a
career in baseball, he will begin his country music career
in 1960, singing between innings at a company-sponsored
baseball game where he is a player. A recording contract
will follow in 1964 and a debut with the "Grand Ole Opry"
in 1967. Pride will become the first African American to
become a successful country music star. His awards will
include a 1972 Grammy.

1941 - Wilson Pickett is born in Prattville, Alabama. He will become
Rhythm & Blues singer and will begin his career as the lead
tenor with The Falcons ("I Found a Love" - 1962). He will
become a solo artist and release the hits, "Funky Broadway,"
"In the Midnight Hour," "Land of 1000 Dances," "Mustang
Sally," "It's Too Late," and "Don't Knock My Love." He will
be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991. He
will join the ancestors on January 19, 2006.

1943 - William Hastie wins the NAACP's Spingarn Medal. A former
federal judge and law school dean, Hastie, a civilian aide
to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson, had resigned his
position earlier in the year over the armed forces'
discriminatory practices.

1959 - Irene Cara is born in New York City. She will become an
actress, singer, and songwriter. She will receive an Academy
Award, two Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, plus numerous
other awards emanating from every aspect of the industry. Her
performance in the ground breaking 1980's picture Fame (1980)
will catapult her into world wide stardom and motivate a
generation of young people to become involved in the
performing arts.

1963 - Vanessa L. Williams is born in Millwood, New York (Westchester
County). She will become the first African American Miss
America. She will later become a popular singer, major
recording star, and movie actress. She will star in the
Tony Award-winning musical "Kiss of the Spider Woman," the
mini-series "Odyssey," and the movies "Eraser," "Hoodlum,"
"Soul Food," and "Shut Up and Dance."

1972 - The USS Jesse L. Brown, the first U.S. naval ship to be named
after an African American naval officer, is launched at
Westwego, Louisiana. Brown was the first African American
pilot in the U.S. Naval Reserve and was the first African
American pilot killed in the Korean War (1950). Editor's
Note: This was not the first naval vessel named after an
African American. The USS Harmon was named after an enlisted
man, Leonard Roy Harmon, during World War II (1944).

1982 - Singer Teddy Pendergrass is paralyzed as a result of an
automobile accident.

1991 - The Philadelphia '76ers retire Wilt Chamberlain's #13 jersey.

1991 - Reggie Miller, of the Indiana Pacers ends his NBA free throw
streak of 52 games.

1992 - Donna Summers gets a star on Hollywood's Walk of Fame.

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Today in Black History 03/17/2010

* Today in Black History - March 17 *

1806 - Norbert Rillieux is born a free man in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Rillieux will become best known for his revolutionary
improvements in sugar refining methods. Awarded his second
patent for an evaporator, the invention will be widely used
throughout Louisiana and the West Indies, dramatically
increasing and modernizing sugar production.

1865 - Aaron Anderson wins the Navy's Medal of Honor for his heroic
actions aboard the USS Wyandank during the Civil War.

1886 - A massacre occurs in Carrollton, Mississippi. Twenty African
Americans are killed by white supremacists.

1891 - West Virginia State College is founded in Institute, West
Virginia.

1896 - C.B. Scott receives a patent for the street sweeper.

1898 - Blanche Kelso Bruce joins the ancestors in Washington, DC at
the age of 57.

1912 - Bayard Rustin is born in West Chester, Pennsylvania. He will
become a civil rights leader and peace activist. He will join
Martin Luther King Jr. in organizing the bus boycott that will
establish King as a national figure. For the next 10 years,
he will move back and forth between the world of the civil
rights movement and the world of peace activism. He will be
instrumental in helping A. Philip Randolph plan the 1963 March
on Washington. But due to his youthful ties to the Communist
Party, a wartime imprisonment, and an arrest in California on
public morals charges, Rustin will be obligated to limit his
public exposure to avoid problems for King and others whom
Southern white leaders (and the FBI) were attempting to
destroy. He will join the ancestors on August 24, 1987.

1919 - Nathaniel Adams Coles is born in Montgomery, Alabama. Better
known as Nat "King" Cole, he will start his musical career in
a band with his brother Eddie and in a production of "Shuffle
Along." Leader of the King Cole Trio, he will achieve
international acclaim as a jazz pianist before becoming an
even more popular balladeer known for such songs as "Mona
Lisa," "The Christmas Song" and "Unforgettable." Cole will
also have the distinction of being the first African American
to host a network television variety show (1956-1957), a
pioneer in breaking down racial barriers in Las Vegas, and a
founding member of the National Academy of Recording Arts and
Sciences, which will honor him with a posthumous Lifetime
Achievement Grammy in 1989. He will join the ancestors on
February 15, 1965.

1933 - Myrlie Beasley is born in Vicksburg, Mississippi. She will
become the wife of civil rights activist Medgar Evers in 1951
and will work with him in order to combat discrimination and
segregation in Mississippi. Together, they will open and
manage the first NAACP Mississippi State Office. Her husband
will be assassinated in 1963, by white supremacist, Byron de
la Beckwith. She will later move to California where she will
graduate from Pomona College. She will work in the corporate
world as Director for Consumer Affairs at the Atlantic
Richfield Company and in government as a Commissioner of the
Los Angeles, California, Board of Public Works. She will be
the first African American woman to serve on that board. She
will be the author of the book, "For Us, the Living," and the
recipient of numerous honorary degrees. She will later become
Mrs. Myrlie Evers-Williams and be elected vice-chairperson of
the NAACP in 1994, and in 1995 will become the first woman
chairperson. In 1998, she will be succeeded by Julian Bond as
Chair of the NAACP.

1970 - The United States casts its first veto in the U.N. Security
Council. The U.S. kills a resolution that would have condemned
Britain for failure to use force to overthrow the white-ruled
government of Rhodesia.

2000 - More than 300 members of a religious sect burn to death in a
makeshift church in southwestern Uganda.

2008 - David Paterson is sworn in as New York's 55th governor. He is
New York's first Black governor and the nation's first legally
blind governor.

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Today in Black History 03/16/2010

* Today in Black History - March 16 *

1827 - With the assistance of James Varick, Richard Allen, Alexander
Crummel, and others, Samuel E. Cornish and John B. Russwurm
publish "Freedom's Journal" in New York City. Operating
from space in Varick's Zion Church, "Freedom's Journal" is
the first African American newspaper. Russwurm says of the
establishment of the newspaper, "We wish to plead our own
cause. Too long have others spoken for us."

1870 - Senator Hiram R. Revels argues against Georgia's re-admission
to the Union without safeguards for African American citizens.
It is the first official speech by an African American before
Congress.

1956 - Ozzie Newsome is born in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. He will
become a stand-out football player for the University of
Alabama, and the first African American star athlete for a
major school in the south. Newsome will be drafted by the
Cleveland Browns and start 176 out of 182 games in 13 years.
He will be the all-time leading receiver in Cleveland history
and the all-time receiver among tight ends in the NFL. He
will be fourth among receivers in NFL history with a record
of 662 catches. He will earn three trips to the Pro Bowl and
will be named to the All-NFL Teams of the '80's. Newsome
will remain with the Cleveland Browns in an administrative
position after his retirement. In 1994 he will be inducted
into the College Football Hall of Fame and in 1999 to the Pro
Football Hall of Fame.

1956 - Former heavyweight champion Joe Louis, makes his debut as a
pro wrestler. He knocks out 320-pound cowboy Rocky Lee.
Jersey Joe Walcott, the referee, is another former
heavyweight champ.

1960 - San Antonio, Texas becomes the first major southern city to
integrate lunch counters.

1966 - Rodney Peete is born in Mesa, Arizona. He will become a NFL
quarterback playing for the Detroit Lions and Philadelphia
Eagles and later, the Washington Redskins.

1970 - Tammi Terrell (Tammy Montgomery), best known for her duets
with Marvin Gaye, joins the ancestors at Graduate Hospital
in Philadelphia after undergoing six brain tumor operations
in 18 months. Doctors first discovered Terrell's brain
tumor after she collapsed in Gaye's arms onstage in 1967.

1975 - Aaron Thibeaux "T-Bone" Walker, jazz and blues singer, blues
guitarist, composer and pianist, joins the ancestors at the
age of 64. He was best known for his hits "Stormy Monday"
and "T-Bone Shuffle."

1988 - President Ronald Reagan vetoes a civil rights bill that would
restore protections invalidated by the U.S. Supreme Court's
1984 ruling in Grove City College v. Bell. Reagan's veto
will be overridden by Congress less than a week later.

1989 - The U.S. Senate agrees to try U.S. District Court Judge Alcee
Hastings on fraud, corruption, and perjury charges stemming
from a 1981 bribery conspiracy case. Hastings, appointed by
President Jimmy Carter as the first African American judge
to serve on the federal bench in Florida, will be convicted
of eight of the original articles and impeached in October.

1991 - Soon Ja Du, a Korean American grocery store owner, shoots to
death Latasha Harlins, a fifteen-year old African American
girl, after Ms. Du accused the girl of trying to steal a
$1.79 bottle of orange juice. A security camera in the
store captures the shooting on videotape. The shooting
exacerbates racial and ethnic tensions in Los Angeles in the
wake of the Rodney King beating.

1995 - Mississippi ratifies the 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery,
some 130 years after the rest of the country got around to
it.

1996 - Mike Tyson regains a piece of the heavyweight championship by
defeating WBC champion Frank Bruno by TKO in the third round
reclaim the heavyweight boxing title in Las Vegas.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

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Today in Black History 03/15/2010

* Today in Black History - March 15 *

1809 - Joseph J. Roberts is born free in Norfolk, Virginia. He will
leave Virginia with his family for the West African coast in
1829, part of the colonization effort of the American
Colonization Society. He will become the first President of
Liberia in 1848. He will join the ancestors in 1876.

1842 - Robert C. DeLarge is born in Aiken, South Carolina. He will
defeat a white opponent by 986 votes out of 32,000 cast to
earn a seat as a South Carolina representative to the United
States Congress in 1870. He will serve in the House of
Representatives from March 4, 1871 until January 24, 1873
when the seat will be declared vacant as the result of an
election challenge initiated by Christopher C. Bowen. After
leaving Congress he will serve as a local magistrate until he
joins the ancestors in Charleston, South Carolina on February
14, 1874.

1897 - The Fifty-fifth Congress (1897-99) convenes. Only one African
American congressman is in attendance: George H. White, of
North Carolina.

1912 - Sam Hopkins is born in Centerville, Texas. He will become a
blues guitarist, better known as Lightnin' Hopkins, and be
considered one of the last blues singers in the grand
tradition of "Blind" Lemon Jefferson, with whom he played as
a child. He will join the ancestors on January 30, 1982 after
succumbing to cancer.

1933 - The NAACP begins a coordinated attack on segregation and
discrimination, filing a suit against the University of North
Carolina on behalf of Thomas Hocutt. The case is lost on a
technicality after the president of an African American
college refuses to certify the records of the plaintiff.

1933 - The Los Angeles Sentinel is founded by Leon H. Washington.

1933 - The NAACP's Spingarn Medal is presented to YMCA secretary Max
Yergan for his achievements as a missionary in South Africa,
"representing the gift of cooperation...American Negroes may
send back to their Motherland."

1933 - Cecil Percival Taylor is born in New York City. He will
become a international jazz pianist concert artist and
composer. He will also teach African American music and lead
the Black Music Ensemble at the University of Wisconsin,
Antioch College, and Glassboro State (in New Jersey). He is
considered to be one of the most controversial figures in
"jazz". For many observers, his work ranks as some of the
most profound art ever produced.

1938 - Emilio Cruz is born in New York City. He will become a painter
who will study in his teens with the influential African
American artist Bob Thompson, study European masters in
Italy, Paris, London, and Amsterdam and become noted in the
United States for both his figurative and abstract paintings.
His work will be exhibited or collected by the Museum of
Modern Art, National Museum of American Art, the Studio
Museum of Harlem, and prestigious private galleries. He will
join the ancestors on December 10, 2004 in New York City
after succumbing to pancreatic cancer.

1944 - Sylvester "Sly Stone" Stewart is born in Dallas, Texas. He
will become a popular disc jockey in the San Francisco Bay
area. This popularity will fuel his career as a musician and
singer. He will achieve fame with his group: Sly & The
Family Stone and record the hits "Dance to the Music,"
"Everyday People," "Hot Fun in the Summertime," "Thank You,"
and "Family Affair."

1946 - Bobby Lee Bonds is born in Riverside, California. He will
become a major league baseball player and hit a grand slam in
his first Major League game on June 25,1968 against the Los
Angeles Dodgers. He will be a 3-time All-Star (1971 and 1973
in the National League and 1975 in the American League). He
will amass a total 332 home runs, 1,024 RBIs, 461 stolen
bases and a .268 batting average for 8 teams. He will hold
the Major League record for most HRs as a lead-off batter in
a game in a season with 11 in 1973. He will be named by The
Sporting News as the National League Player of the Year in
1973, hitting .283 with 39 homers, 96 RBI and 43 stolen
bases. He will join the ancestors on August 23, 2003 after
succumbing to complications of lung cancer and a brain tumor.

1946 - Howard E. Scott is born in San Pedro, California. He will
become a Rhythm and Blues singer, guitarist, and be best
known for his performances as part of the Rhythm & Blues
group "War." Scott will contribute lyrics, music, and
co-produced some of War’s greatest hits, such as 'Cisco Kid,'
'Slipping into Darkness' and 'Why Can’t We Be Friends?.' He
will also be the frontman and leader of the group.

1958 - Cincinnati Royals basketball star Maurice Stokes collapses
during a playoff game suffering with encephalitis. It will
be determined that this was the result of an earlier injury,
when his head hit the floor, knocking him unconscious, in the
last game of the regular season. He will go into a coma and
become permanently disabled.

1959 - Saxophonist and major influence on the "Cool School" of jazz,
Lester "Prez" Young joins the ancestors at the age of 49 in
New York City.

1962 - Terence Trent D'Arby is born in New York City. He will become
a popular Rhythm and Blues singer, music producer, songwriter,
and composer. He will be best known for his recording
"Wishing Well."

1962 - Wilt Chamberlain becomes the first and only player in NBA
history to score more than 4,000 points in a season (4,029).
He will average 50.4 points per game.

1968 - "LIFE" magazine calls Jimi Hendrix "the most spectacular
guitarist in the world."

1968 - Bob Beamon sets an indoor long jump record as he leaps 27
feet, 2-3/4 inches.

1969 - St. Clair Drake is named director of the African and Afro
American Studies program at Stanford University. Drake's
accomplishments in the position will form a model for such
programs across the country.

1970 - The musical, "Purlie" opens a run of 680 continuous
performances on Broadway in New York City.

1980 - Scores of people are injured in Klan-related incidents in
Georgia, Tennessee, California, Indiana and North Carolina.

1985 - Larry Holmes beats David Bey in Las Vegas, Nevada. This was
probably good for Bey, since no one had ever heard of him
before the fight. Holmes defends his International Boxing
Federation heavyweight boxing title with the win.

1991 - Four Los Angeles police officers-Sergeant Stacey Koon and
Officers Laurence Powell, Timothy Wind and Theodore Briseno-
are charged with felony assault and related charges arising
from the Rodney King beating.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

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Today in Black History 03/14/2010

* Today in Black History - March 14 *

1794 - Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin, making it possible to clean
50 pounds of cotton a day, compared to a pound a day before the
invention. This will make cotton king and increase the demand
for slave labor.

1829 - African American editor John Russworm writes an editorial in
"Freedom's Journal" supporting the colonization of Africa by
African Americans.

1889 - Menelik becomes ruler of Abyssinia (Ethiopia). Menelik II will
be the Ethiopian emperor (1889-1909) during the frantic race
for African protectorates by European countries. He will
transform the country from a collection of semi-independent
states into a united nation. As ruler of the kingdom of Shoa,
in central Ethiopia, he will conquer the Oromo people to the
south and annex their land. During Menelik's reign he
suppressed the Ethiopian slave trade, curbed the feudal
nobility, and founded the city of Addis Ababa.

1917 - The first training camp for "colored" officers is established
by the U.S. Army in Des Moines, Iowa, after a long lobbying
effort by the NAACP, led by Joel E. Spingarn and James Weldon
Johnson. The camp will issue 678 officer commissions to
African Americans, compared to 380,000 African American
enlisted men mobilized in World War l.

1933 - Quincy Delight Jones is born in Chicago, Illinois. A trumpeter
and record producer, he will collaborate with many major
American and French recording artists, including Michael
Jackson on the latter's "Thriller" and "Bad" albums, two of
the most successful records during the 1980's. A musical
innovator, in 1991, Jones will receive two Grammy awards for
producer of the year and album of the year for "Back on the
Block." To date, he will accumulate over 25 Grammy awards,
Grammy's Trustees Award in 1989, and the Grammy's Legends
Award in 1990. He will also be Musical Director for Mercury
Records, then Vice President. He will also establish Qwest
Records.

1934 - Shirley Scott is born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She will
become an accomplished jazz organist, with a blues orientation
to most of her presentations. She started her career playing
with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis in 1956 and continued until 1960.
She will record most of her work with her ex-husband, Stanley
Turrentine from 1961 to 1970.

1946 - Wes Unseld is born in Louisville, Kentucky. His early career
plans will include becoming a teacher, but that thought will
be put on hold when he becomes the second overall pick in the
1968 draft by the NBA's Baltimore Bullets. In 1969, Unseld's
debut will be memorable. He becomes only the second NBA
player besides Wilt Chamberlain to be named Rookie of the Year
and MVP in the same season. During a solid 13-year NBA career,
spent entirely with the Bullets organization, Unseld will
become a superb position rebounder and retire as the NBA's
seventh all-time leading rebounder with 13,769 boards, a 14.0
per game average. Unseld, who will play in five NBA All-Star
games, ranks as the Bullets all-time leader in minutes played
(35,832) and rebounds. He is only one of 20 players in NBA
history to score more than 10,000 points (10,624) and grab more
than 10,000 rebounds. The pinnacle of Unseld's career will
come in 1978, when he and fellow Hall of Famer Elvin Hayes lead
Washington past Seattle for the NBA championship. For his
efforts, Unseld will be named MVP of the championship series.
After his retirement from the NBA, he will become the coach of
the Bullets.

1947 - William J. Jefferson is born in Lake Providence, Louisiana. He
will become a Louisiana state senator in 1979 and, in 1990,
the first African American congressman elected from the state
since Charles Edmund Nash left office in 1876.

1960 - Kirby Puckett is born in Chicago, Illinois. He will become a
major league baseball outfielder. He will be selected by the
Minnesota Twins in the first round (third overall) of the
January 1982 free-agent draft and will spend his entire 14-year
professional career in the Twins organization. Not only will
he become a 10-time All-Star, in 1993 he will become the first
Twins player ever to win the All-Star Game MVP Award. He will
be the Twins' all-time leader in hits, runs, doubles and total
bases. He will retire on July 12, 1996, after losing vision in
his right eye due to glaucoma, and will become the Twins'
executive vice president of baseball. He will join the
ancestors in Phoenix, AZ, on March 6, 2006 after succumbing to
a stroke.

1967 - In the first NFL-AFL common draft, the Baltimore Colts pick
Bubba Smith as the first pick.

1985 - Bill Cosby captures four of the People's Choice Awards for "The
Cosby Show." The awards were earned from results of a
nationwide Gallup Poll.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

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The Black Agenda.

Today in Black History 03/13/2010

* Today in Black History - March 13 *

1779 - Jean Baptiste Pointe du Sable, an explorer of African descent,
from Santo Domingo (Haiti), builds the first permanent
settlement at the mouth of the river, just east of the present
Michigan Avenue Bridge on the north bank, of what is now the
city of Chicago, Illinois.

1861 - Jefferson Davis signs a bill authorizing the use of slaves as
soldiers in the Confederate army.

1862 - Congress forbids Union officers and soldiers from aiding in the
capture and return of fugitive slaves, ending what one
historian called the "military slave hunt."

1869 - Arkansas legislature passes anti-Ku Klux Klan legislation.

1914 - James Reese Europe explains the significance of his Clef Club
Symphony Orchestra, consisting of the best African American
musicians in New York City: "... we colored people have our
own music that is a part of us. It's the product of our
souls; it's been created by the sufferings and miseries of our
race."

1918 - John Rhoden is born in Birmingham, Alabama. An art student who
will study with Richmond Barthe' and at Talledega College,
Rhoden's sculptures will have strong romantic and classical
elements. He will receive commissions for Harlem Hospital and
Metropolitan Hospital in New York City, exhibit his work at
the Atlanta University annuals, the Art Institute of Chicago,
and the Whitney Museum and be represented in museums in the
United States and Europe. Among his major works will be
"Safari," "Eve," and "Quarter Horse."

1930 - Richard Allen "Blue" Mitchell is born in Miami, Florida. The
trumpeter will make his name as a member of Horace Silver's
Quintet. From 1974, he will play as a soloist or as an
accompanist for Tony Bennett and Lena Horne.

1932 - The "Atlanta World" becomes the first African American daily
newspaper in modern times, when it begins daily publication.
It was founded on August 3, 1928, by William A. Scott, III
and became a bi-weekly in 1930.

1943 - Frank Dixon becomes the first great African American miler in
track as he wins the Columbian Mile in New York City. Dixon
runs the mile in the record time of 4 minutes, 9.6 seconds.

1946 - Colonel Benjamin O. Davis, Jr. becomes the first African
American to command an United States Air Force base, when he
assumes command of Lockbourne Air Force Base in Ohio.

1961 - Floyd Patterson knocks out Ingemar Johannson to retain the
heavyweight boxing championship.

1984 - James L. Usry is elected the first African American mayor of
Atlantic City, New Jersey. He will serve as mayor until 1990.
A former member of the Harlem Globetrotters, he became an
educator before entering politics.

1999 - Evander Holyfield, the WBA and IBF champion, and Lennox Lewis,
the WBC champion, keep their respective titles after fighting
to a controversial draw in New York.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

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http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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Today in Black History 03/12/2010

* Today in Black History - March 12 *

1791 - Benjamin Banneker and Pierre Charles L'Enfant are commissioned
to plan and develop Washington, DC.

1868 - Great Britain gives Basutoland, the status of protectorate at
the request of King Moshweshwe. The request of protection was
to prevent attacks by the Cape Colony.

1877 - The British annex Walvis Bay, an important deep water port in
South West Africa.

1888 - Hall Johnson is born in Athens, Georgia. In 1925, he will
organize and direct the Hall Johnson Choir as well as have
significant success as an arranger. One of his early stage
successes will be as choral director for the 1930 Broadway
play "The Green Pastures" and the 1933 play, "Run Little
Chillun," for which he will write the book and music. Johnson
and his choir will move to Hollywood in 1936 to make the film
version of "The Green Pastures."

1926 - The Savoy Ballroom, nicknamed the "Home of Happy Feet," opens
in New York City.

1932 - Andrew Young is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He will become
a minister, influential leader in the civil rights movement,
first African American ambassador to the United Nations, and
mayor of Atlanta, Georgia.

1936 - Virginia Hamilton is born in Yellow Springs, Ohio. She will
become an award-winning author of juvenile fiction including
"House of Dies Drear," "M.C. Higgins the Great," and "Sweet
Whispers, Brother Rush."

1940 - Alwyn Lopez "Al" Jarreau is born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He
will become a singer and will be known for his recording of
the theme for the television show, "Moonlighting". Al Jarreau
will become the first vocalist in musical history to win
Grammy Awards in three different categories (Rhythm & Blues,
Jazz, and Pop).

1945 - New York becomes the first state to prohibit discrimination by
race and creed in employment.

1955 - Charlie Parker joins the ancestors in New York City at the age
of 34. He had been one of the founders of the modern jazz
movement.

1962 - Darryl Strawberry is born in Los Angeles, California. He will
become a professional baseball player and will play right field
for the New York Mets, the Los Angeles Dodgers, the San
Francisco Giants and the New York Yankees. He will set the
New York Mets all-time records for most runs (662), most RBIs
(733) and most home runs (252). He will be a member of the
winning World Series championship teams in 1986 and 1996.

1964 - Malcolm X resigns from the Nation of Islam.

1982 - Charles Fuller wins the Pulitzer Prize for "A Soldier's Play."

2003 - Lynne Thigpen, actress, joins the ancestors at age 54 after
succumbing to complications from an enlarged heart. She played
"the chief" on "Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

E-mail:
Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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The Black Agenda.

Today in Black History 03/11/2010

* Today in Black History - March 11 *

1861 - The Confederate Congress, meeting in Montgomery, Alabama,
adopts a constitution which declares that the passage of any
"law denying or impairing the right of property in Negro
slaves is prohibited."

1870 - Moshweshwe, King of Basutoland (Lesotho) joins the ancestors.
Moshweshwe was the founder of Lesotho in the 1820's. Lesotho
was landlocked by the Cape Colony (now South Africa). He was
able to develop a strong tribal organization from his mix of
peoples. He appeased the Zulu and Ndebele, led cattle raids
on surrounding people, defeated the British in 1852 and
conducted frequent wars with the Orange Free State. Because
of repeated attacks by the Cape Colony, Moshweshwe asked the
British for protection and Lesotho will become a protectorate
in 1868. Upon his death, the country was annexed to Cape
Colony, but was returned to the status of British protectorate
in 1884. When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910,
the British honored the desire of Lesotho ("Basutoland") to
remain independent. A protectorate continued until 1968,
protecting Lesotho from incursions from South Africa.

1874 - Frederick Douglass is named president of the failing Freedmen's
Bank.

1884 - William Edouard Scott is born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He will
study with Henry O. Tanner at the Art Institute of Chicago.
He later will go to Paris, France and study at the Julien and
Colarossi academies. He will also study under Tanner again in
Paris (Tanner had emigrated there) and become best known for
his portrait studies of Haitians, rural life, and landscapes.
Many of his murals are on the walls of public buildings in
Indiana, Illinois, West Virginia, and New York (135th Street
YMCA).

1919 - Mercer Ellington is born in Washington, DC, the only child of
Edward "Duke" Ellington and his wife, Edna. He will become
"the keeper of the flame," the charge his father will give him
and one he will readily accept. In doing so, he will lead the
Duke Ellington Orchestra for over twenty years after replacing
his father.

1926 - Ralph David Abernathy is born in Linden, Alabama. He will
become a famed minister, civil rights advocate, and confidant
of Martin Luther King, Jr. After King's assassination, he
will become the president of the Southern Christian Leadership
Conference and write an autobiography that will attract
widespread criticism for his comments on King's alleged
womanizing.

1935 - "The Conjure Man Dies," a play by Rudolph Fisher, premieres on
Broadway at the Lafayette Theatre. Fisher, who had joined the
ancestors over a year before the play's premiere, had adapted
the play from his 1932 short story "The Conjure-Man Dies: A
Mystery Tale of Dark Harlem," considered the first detective
fiction by an African American.

1948 - Reginald Weir becomes the first African American to play in the
U.S. Indoor Lawn Tennis Association Championship. He will win
his first match, but will be eliminated on March 13.

1950 - Robert "Bobby" McFerrin is born in New York City. He will be
known for his versatile and innovative a cappella jazz vocals
and for his hit song "Don't Worry Be Happy," which will sell
over ten million copies and earn him three Grammy awards in
1989 in addition to a Grammy for best jazz vocalist.

1956 - A manifesto denouncing the Supreme Court ruling on segregation
in public schools, is issued by one hundred southern senators
and representatives.

1959 - "A Raisin in the Sun" becomes the first play written by an
African American woman, Lorraine Hansberry, to open on
Broadway. The play will run for 19 months at the Ethel
Barrymore Theatre, and be named "Best Play" by the New York
Drama Critics Circle, and bring Lloyd Richards to Broadway as
the first African American director in modern times.

1965 - After civil rights demonstrations in Selma, Alabama, the
Reverend James J. Reeb, a white minister from Boston, dies,
succumbing to his beating by segregationist whites.

1968 - Otis Redding posthumously receives a gold record for the single
"(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay."

1971 - Whitney M. Young, Jr., executive director of the National Urban
League, joins the ancestors after drowning while swimming
during a visit to Lagos, Nigeria.

______________________________________________________________
Munirah Chronicle is edited by Rene' A. Perry
"The TRUTH shall make you free"

E-mail:
Archives: http://listserv.icors.org/archives/Munirah.html
http://blackagenda.com/cybercolonies/index.htm
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