Today in Black History 04/18/2010

*               Today in Black History - April 18             *

1818 - Andrew Jackson defeats a force of Indians and African
    Americans at the Battle of Suwanee, ending the First
    Seminole War.

1861 - Nicholas Biddle becomes the first African American in
    uniform to be wounded in the Civil War.

1864 - The First Kansas Colored Volunteers break through
    Confederate lines at Poison Spring, Arkansas.  The
    unit will sustain heavy losses when captured African
    American soldiers are murdered by Confederate troops
    as opposed to being taken as POWs, which is the
    standard treatment for captured whites.

1877 - The American Nicodemus Town Company is founded by six
    African American settlers in northwestern Kansas. The
    town will be settled later in the year.

1924 - Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown is born in Vinton, Louisiana.
    He will become a blues musician and will be inspired by
    the sounds of T-Bone Walker, Count Basie and Duke
    Ellington.  He will become a Grammy winner and be
    nominated six times.  He will be unrivaled in his
    ability to seamlessly combine blues, country, soul and
    jazzy Rhythm & Blues.  He will be best known for his
    hits, "Okie Dokie Stomp," "Boogie Rambler," "Just
    Before Dawn," "Dirty Work At The Crossroads," and
    "Gatemouth Boogie."

1941 - Bus companies in New York City agree to hire African
    American drivers and mechanics.  This agreement ends a
    four-week boycott.

1941 - Dr. Robert Weaver is named director of Office of
    Production Management section, charged with integrating
    African Americans into the National Defense Program.

1955 - The Bandung Conference of leaders of "colored" nations
    of Africa and Asia opens in Indonesia.  Hosted by
    Indonesian President Sukarno, the conference is
    attended by representatives of 29 African and Asian
    countries.  Its main objective was to express their
    opposition to the colonialist and imperialist policies
    of First World nations.

1961 - James Benton Parsons is the first African American judge
    of a U.S. district court in the continental United
    States.  Chicago attorney Parsons is appointed judge of
    the U.S. District Court of Northern Illinois. 

1983 - Alice Walker is awarded the Pulitzer Prize for "The
    Color Purple." Ten days later, the novel will also win
    the American Book Award for fiction.

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